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CAGR Calculator

CAGR uses your actual starting and ending amounts. If final < initial, the result is negative (annualized loss)—that is correct. Calculators that only apply a positive “expected return” forward usually never show a shrinking balance.

₹
₹
Yr
Initial
₹5,000
Total gain
₹20,000
Final value
₹25,000
CAGR (p.a.)
37.97%

CAGR is 37.97%

About CAGR Calculator

The CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) Calculator uses the standard definition: one beginning value, one ending value, and duration in years. It answers: “What fixed yearly return, compounded once a year, would grow the initial amount to the final amount?”

CAGR ignores path and volatility—it only uses start, end, and time. That makes it easy to compare investments held for different lengths of time.

Formula

CAGR is defined as:

CAGR = ( Final Value / Initial Value )(1/n) − 1

Here n is the duration of investment in years. To show CAGR as a percentage, multiply by 100:

CAGR % = [ ( Final Value / Initial Value )(1/n) − 1 ] × 100

If Final Value is below Initial Value, the ratio inside the brackets is less than 1, so CAGR is negative (annualized loss). The formula does not change.

Worked example (matches calculator defaults)

Inputs: Initial investment ₹5,000, Final investment ₹25,000, Duration 5 years.

  1. Ratio: Final ÷ Initial = 25,000 ÷ 5,000 = 5.
  2. Raise to 1/n: 5(1/5) = 50.2 ≈ 1.37973.
  3. Subtract 1: 1.37973 − 1 = 0.37973 (CAGR as a decimal).
  4. Percentage: 0.37973 × 100 ≈ 37.97% — this is what you see as “CAGR is 37.97%” on the calculator.

Check (meaning): Absolute return = (25,000 − 5,000) ÷ 5,000 = 400% over five years; CAGR ~37.97% per year is the equivalent smooth yearly compounded rate, not the simple average return.

Benefits

  • Compare investments with different time horizons
  • Standardize returns; smooth volatility; evaluate fund performance
  • Calculate time to reach goals; compare with benchmarks (Nifty, Sensex)

Limitations

Doesn't show volatility; assumes reinvestment; ignores intermediate cash flows (use XIRR for SIPs); past CAGR doesn't guarantee future returns. Doesn't tell: year-by-year variation, risk taken, max drawdown, dividends, tax impact.

More examples

  • ₹1,00,000 to ₹1,61,051 in 5 years → CAGR ≈ 10% (same formula: (1.61051)0.2 − 1).
  • Stock: ₹50K to ₹1.15L in 5yr ≈ 18.1% CAGR. MF: ₹2L to ₹3.2L in 7yr ≈ 6.9% CAGR.

FAQs

CAGR vs average return?

CAGR uses geometric mean (compounding); average uses arithmetic. +50% then -50% = 0% CAGR (actual), 0% average (misleading).

Good CAGR by asset class?

Large-cap 10–12%; mid/small 13–16%; FD 6–8%; Gold 8–10%; Real estate 7–10%.

Can CAGR be negative?

Yes. ₹1L to ₹81K in 3yr = -7% CAGR.

CAGR vs XIRR?

CAGR for lump sum (single in/out). XIRR for multiple cash flows (SIPs, STPs).

CAGR and dividends?

Only if you add dividends to ending value. Include dividends reinvested or received in total value.

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